Types of reflection reflective practice libguides at. The first two are designed to encourage recognition and reflection on the concept of ideology, drawing closely on the ideas explained in reflective teaching. Educational and social commitments in reflective teacher. In the light of these four traditions of practice, four varieties of reflective teaching practice have been identified. Chapter 3 outlines various approaches to reflective practice through time. Thus, any attempt to understand effective language teaching must consider the issue of effective language learning. Because reflective teaching is a carefully structured form of peer teaching, it requires a group of inter ested teachers willing to teach in front of each other. Reflective teaching is a process where teachers think over their teaching practices, analyzing how something was taught. A recent trend in second language teaching is a movement away from methods and other external or top down views of teaching toward an approach that seeks to understand teaching in its own terms. Reflective teaching practices include being able to learn from your students, co. Collaborative strategies for staff education and development.
The language varieties, or lects, that people speak often serve as the basis for judgment, and even exclusion, from certain social groups, professions, and business organizations. Reflective practice in teaching pdf 2 reflective practice for teachers situations arise on a daily basis. As we conclude the semester, this is the perfect time to reflect on your classes and consider teaching decisions for the spring. The major goal of both this book, and of all of the volumes in the reflective teaching and the social conditions of schooling series, is to help teachers explore and define their own positions with regard to key topics and issues related to the aims of education in a democratic society. Your journey through this tru open learning program will be of a different kind. Literature includes within it all possible varieties of subject matter. The most obvious difference is in terms of when they happen. The 4 lenses of reflective practice in teaching the goal of the critically reflective teacher is to gain increasing awareness about ones own teaching and effectiveness from as many different viewpoints as possible. The book adopts a reflective approach to practice teaching and shows student teachers how to explore and reflect on the nature of language teaching. A reflective teacher doesnt expect all children to respond in the same way or achieve the same level of a skill.
Designs and implements an educational program that is congruent with the idiosyncrasies of a particular school situation. The reflective teacher center for the advancement of. Everyone want to know the good things, good qualities and sometime bad things also. The efficiency of the tools used for reflective teaching. Varieties of care in history education 229 caring about 229 caring that 232 caring for 234 caring to 237. The questions are organized around the four main components of teaching, as outlined by dee fink. Corollary to this, reflective teaching as an inquiryoriented approach to teacher education is considered an ambiguous term signifying a wide variety of meanings tom, 1985. I believe the reflective teaching concept does, in fact, represent a development in professional language teaching. As you study language varieties, keep in mind that they are often based on judgments one group is making in regard to another. Reflective teaching is a practice that involves learning how to become a more engaging teacher by learning from your environment. Ellis teachers in an elementary school decide not to match students with teachers. For instance, gore and zeichner 1991 have identified four varieties of reflective teaching practice, each with its own underlying ideology, which are outlined in some detail in a later section. Stephen brookfield 1999 introduces four lenses through which teachers can view these teaching and learning episodes.
The most distinctive of these very good teachers is that their practice is the result of careful. It is an essential part of the teaching portfolio, and will serve as the common theme connecting all other components. A phenomenological study on reflective teaching practice abimbola disu concordia university portland college of education dissertation submitted to the faculty of the college of education in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of education in teacher leadership committee chair, barbara weschke, ph. As it is emphasized in reflective teaching model, to optimize the teaching and learning of a language in esl contexts, it may be useful to embrace the concept of the teacher as a learner and an expert in the field of language teaching. A solution to the teaching stylelearning style dilemma susan s. Designed to provoke reflection and commitment, field experience, seventh edition, guides students through field experiences, includingbut not limited tostudent teaching. Teaching the mcgill model of nursing and clientcentred care. This is a phrase that has become synonymous with the work we have done with building teachers reflective capacity. Written for language teachers in training at the diploma, undergraduate, or graduate level, practice teaching, a reflective approach surveys issues and procedures in conducting practice teaching. Thinking about reflective practice as a concept is crucial since we do need. Learners may uncover previous knowledge that had been learned but was now buried or simply. Reflective teaching encourages teach ers to be students of teaching.
Teachers entering the profession may find their initial teaching efforts stressful, but with experience they acquire a repertoire of teaching. Frequently there are no right or wrong answers, no procedures. Reflective teaching, post method pedagogy and teacher professional development and how these interrelate to each other and improve classroom teaching conference paper pdf available january. In the united states, four distinct traditions of reflection in teacher education which have guided reform efforts, have been noted zeichner and liston, 1990. This was the decade during which communicative language teaching. The reflective teaching model what is the reflective teaching model. Organizational learning and learning organization are two different concepts, organizational learning is only. The roots of reflective teaching are historically evident in the works of john dewey 1933, 1938, who maintained that. Becoming a reflective teacher an empowered teacher is a reflective decision maker who finds joy in learning and in investigating the teachinglearning processone who views learning as construction and teaching as a facilitating process to enhance and enrich development. Teaching four reflections on teaching and learning history. Becoming a reflective teacher sage publications inc. A phenomenological study on reflective teaching practice.
The increasingly widespread practice of teachers collecting data and using those data to investigate and develop their own teaching skills is most publicly evidenced at this time in the action research movement. Clarke 2008 states that reflection on teaching goals, teaching methods, the level of students ability, etc. To support reflective practices, various strategies have been designed within many professional programmes, such as storytelling, learning journals, using metaphors, conducting analyses using videos of teaching sequences, modelling and using reflective frameworks. Becoming a reflective teacher an empowered teacher is a reflective decision maker who finds joy in learning and in investigating the teaching learning processone who views learning as construction and teaching as a facilitating process to enhance and enrich development. With years of experience advising and guiding teachers in their ability to reflect on their teaching, they realized that reflection is a skill that one must experience and practice in order to get better at, and a skill that one can learn. Strategies claimed to promote reflection a wide variety of approaches has been em ployed in attempts to foster reflection in student teachers and. This is then followed by two activities enabling reflection on the ways that pupils and teachers move between different cultures both inside and outside of school. Highly practical in its focus, field experience, seventh edition, moves beyond a list of dos and donts to help students create, reflect upon, and refine a set of goals and teaching principles. Cruickshank, 1985, do not offer any suggestions regarding what precisely. This is the reflection that takes place whilst you are involved in the situation, often a patient interaction.
The role of critical reflection in teacher education. This is why your behaviour must not be taken for granted as it needs to be continuously evaluated to let your practice and experiences be meaningful. Becoming a reflective learner many of us have had experiences as passive learners. Chapter 4 attempts to define reflective practice and discusses the different levels of reflection. Reflective teaching reflection is a process of selfexamination and selfevaluation in which effective educators regularly engage to improve their professional practices. Below are useful questions that can guide your reflective process. Assumptions of reflective teaching theory reflective teachers are knowledgeable about pedagogy methods and theories of teaching we can learn a lot about teaching from selfinquiry much of what happens during teaching is unknown to the teacher experience is not enough to grow as a teacher. A reflective statement about your personal philosophy of teaching and learning provides the foundation for all other elements of your portfolio. Added to this, ball 2009 noted that teachers with high selfefficacy are those that have high. Reflective teaching informs you that you are in charge of your teachinglearning and that you have a major contribution to make towards its success. Teaching english through literature murat hismanoglu abstract. Chapter 5 gives an overall framework to reflective practice for educators by offering a fivecomponent. The decline of methods the 1970s ushered in an era of change and innovation in language teaching methodology.
Reflective teaching as a strategy for teacher growth. View reflective teaching research papers on academia. Two main types of reflection are often referred to reflection inaction and reflection onaction. In the following section, why language teachers use literary texts in the foreign.
Becoming a reflective learner thompson rivers university. Reflective practice teaching activities and resources rnao. Being able to reflect on what things work and what things dont can help you improve as a teacher. The cycle of reflective teaching contributed by pete hall and alisa simeral this post has been updated and republished the more reflective you are, the more effective you are. Abstract this paper provides a summary of research undertaken to derive a critically informed but learner sensitive framework for facilitating the presentation and evaluation of reflective learning.
That is, we have been required to read textbooks and journal articles, listen to lectures and write exams dependent on rote memory. The continual and progressive search to improve their teaching and. Employs a variety of teaching skills that interact effectively with the particular teaching environment. Every teacher has a professional responsibility to be reflective and evaluative about their practice. Reflective teaching is an inquiry approach that emphasizes an ethic of care, a constructivist approach to teaching, and creative problem solving henderson, 2001 an ethic of care respects the wonderful range of multiple talents and capacities of all individuals regardless of cultural, intellectual, or gender. Thinking back returning to a learning experience or recapturing a learning event some time after it has taken place may allow the learner to revisit the entire experience from a fresh and different perspective.
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